Composition and Functions of Battery Energy Storage System (BESS)

Battery energy storage systems (BESS) are crucial in meeting the world's increasing need for a reliable and sustainable supply of energy in homes, businesses and industrial facilities. JOZOKING (TIANJIN) TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. is a specialized company providing high performance lithium battery energy storage system solutions for various lithium battery applications, from residential solar battery banks to commercial power backup. A customer's understanding of the internal structure and function of a modern BESS helps them to better appreciate the value of quality engineering in terms of safety, efficiency and longevity. We dissect the various elements of our lithium battery energy storage systems, inside and out.

Battery Cells – The Core of Energy Storage

All lithium battery energy storage systems begin with their cells. These cells can be configured in various ways, which affects the performance, capacity and reliability of a battery energy storage system. The cells we use at JOZOKING are high quality LiFePO4 (lithium iron phosphate) cells, which are thermally stable and have a long cycle life. These series and parallel combinations affect the voltage, capacity and energy output of the system directly. The cell configuration should be designed to balance charging and discharging, maximize power utilization, and minimized internal resistance. From small battery power storage systems for the house to large-scale systems for heavy-duty applications, good cell matching and assembly are essential first steps.

Battery Management System (BMS) – The Intelligent Guardian

Without the BMS, any good energy storage battery wouldn't work. It is constantly measuring the voltage, current and temperature of each cell. These are three common causes of battery failure – our BMS prevents a battery from overcharging, over-discharging and overheating. Also, it helps distribute the charge between cells so as to not overwork or underwork any single cell. This balancing function not only ensures optimal performance, but also contributes considerably to the lifespan of the entire lithium battery energy storage unit. Even with good cells, they can deteriorate rapidly or become unsafe without a strong BMS.

Power Conversion System (PCS) – Bridging Battery and Load

Most appliances, solar inverters and the power grid are based on alternating current (AC), while batteries are based on direct current (DC). The Power Conversion System (PCS) converts DC power from the battery to AC power that can be used. The PCS is also used in a typical solar battery bank system to control power flow between the solar panels, the battery, and/or the home loads. The PCS allows for power to be seamlessly transferred to backup generators during a power outage. In a grid-tied configuration, it has the potential to provide the utility with surplus energy. A high efficiency PCS reduces energy loss and supplies your battery energy storage system when and where you need it.

Fire Safety Module – Active Protection You Can Rely On

There is no compromise on safety in any kind of battery power storage. A specially designed fire protection module is built into our BESS to ensure complete fire protection. It features intelligent sensors which continuously monitor for flames and abnormal temperature increases. The system automatically starts a fire suppression process when it reaches 170°C, without needing any external trigger. This quick response can stop a battery module from entering thermal runaway and prevent it from spreading to other modules or surrounding property. This active safety feature is a one-of-a-kind peace of mind for homes and businesses with solar battery bank or standalone storage systems.

Thermal Insulation Layer – Managing Heat for Longevity

One of the main problems of lithium batteries is heat. Cells in a tightly-packed energy storage battery enclosure can heat and cool each other. We have designed a thermal insulation layer that separates the heat between cells and avoids over heating in any part of the cell. This layer also helps the system function at optimal temperatures in harsh conditions, ranging from -55°C to 55°C. The insulation helps lower thermal stress, thereby directly contributing to longer cycle life and consistent performance.

4G/Bluetooth Module – Remote Monitoring and Control

Modern battery energy storage systems should be smart and user friendly. That is why we put a 4G/Bluetooth module into our lithium BESS. A mobile application allows for remote monitoring of active data including state of charge, temperature, voltage and performance history. Settings can also be adjusted, alerts can be received and power flows can be controlled from afar without physical contact. If you operate a solar battery bank system at home, or have a fleet of solar batteries to manage for commercial use, you can now manage it in the palm of your hand!

Summary

Every component of a battery energy storage system is important, from the individual battery cells to the intelligent BMS, from the power conversion system (PCS) that transforms power to the fire safety module that safeguards it. With more than 30 years of industry experience, JOZOKING (TIANJIN) TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. combines these components into a dependable, efficient, and safe lithium battery energy storage system. From rack mounted, wall mounted to fully customized battery power storage systems for marine, RV, solar and backup applications, our products are trusted in more than 60 countries. Call us today to discuss your next energy storage project, whether it's a solar battery bank or a full home energy storage system.